SYNOPSIS

           use Socket;

           $proto = getprotobyname('udp');
           socket(Socket_Handle, PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, $proto);
           $iaddr = gethostbyname('hishost.com');
           $port = getservbyname('time', 'udp');
           $sin = sockaddr_in($port, $iaddr);
           send(Socket_Handle, 0, 0, $sin);

           $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
           socket(Socket_Handle, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto);
           $port = getservbyname('smtp', 'tcp');
           $sin = sockaddr_in($port,inet_aton("127.1"));
           $sin = sockaddr_in(7,inet_aton("localhost"));
           $sin = sockaddr_in(7,INADDR_LOOPBACK);
           connect(Socket_Handle,$sin);

           ($port, $iaddr) = sockaddr_in(getpeername(Socket_Handle));
           $peer_host = gethostbyaddr($iaddr, AF_INET);
           $peer_addr = inet_ntoa($iaddr);

           $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
           socket(Socket_Handle, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, $proto);
           unlink('/var/run/usock');
           $sun = sockaddr_un('/var/run/usock');
           connect(Socket_Handle,$sun);

DESCRIPTION

       This module is just a translation of the C socket.h file.  Unlike the
       old mechanism of requiring a translated socket.ph file, this uses the
       h2xs program (see the Perl source distribution) and your native C com-
       piler.  This means that it has a far more likely chance of getting the
       numbers right.  This includes all of the commonly used pound-defines
       like AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, etc.

       Also, some common socket "newline" constants are provided: the con-
       stants "CR", "LF", and "CRLF", as well as $CR, $LF, and $CRLF, which
       map to "\015", "\012", and "\015\012".  If you do not want to use the
       literal characters in your programs, then use the constants provided
       here.  They are not exported by default, but can be imported individu-
       ally, and with the ":crlf" export tag:

           use Socket qw(:DEFAULT :crlf);

       In addition, some structure manipulation functions are available:

       inet_aton HOSTNAME
           Takes a string giving the name of a host, and translates that to an
           opaque string (if programming in C, struct in_addr). Takes argu-
           ments of both the 'rtfm.mit.edu' type and '18.181.0.24'. If the

       INADDR_ANY
           Note: does not return a number, but a packed string.

           Returns the 4-byte wildcard ip address which specifies any of the
           hosts ip addresses.  (A particular machine can have more than one
           ip address, each address corresponding to a particular network
           interface. This wildcard address allows you to bind to all of them
           simultaneously.)  Normally equivalent to inet_aton('0.0.0.0').

       INADDR_BROADCAST
           Note: does not return a number, but a packed string.

           Returns the 4-byte 'this-lan' ip broadcast address.  This can be
           useful for some protocols to solicit information from all servers
           on the same LAN cable.  Normally equivalent to
           inet_aton('255.255.255.255').

       INADDR_LOOPBACK
           Note - does not return a number.

           Returns the 4-byte loopback address.  Normally equivalent to
           inet_aton('localhost').

       INADDR_NONE
           Note - does not return a number.

           Returns the 4-byte 'invalid' ip address.  Normally equivalent to
           inet_aton('255.255.255.255').

       sockaddr_family SOCKADDR
           Takes a sockaddr structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_in(),
           pack_sockaddr_un() or the perl builtin functions getsockname() and
           getpeername()) and returns the address family tag.  It will match
           the constant AF_INET for a sockaddr_in and AF_UNIX for a sock-
           addr_un.  It can be used to figure out what unpacker to use for a
           sockaddr of unknown type.

       sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS
       sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN
           In a list context, unpacks its SOCKADDR_IN argument and returns an
           array consisting of (PORT, ADDRESS).  In a scalar context, packs
           its (PORT, ADDRESS) arguments as a SOCKADDR_IN and returns it.  If
           this is confusing, use pack_sockaddr_in() and unpack_sockaddr_in()
           explicitly.

       pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS
           Takes two arguments, a port number and an opaque string, IP_ADDRESS
           (as returned by inet_aton(), or a v-string).  Returns the sock-
           addr_in structure with those arguments packed in with AF_INET
           filled in.  For Internet domain sockets, this structure is normally
           what you need for the arguments in bind(), connect(), and send(),
           confusing, use pack_sockaddr_un() and unpack_sockaddr_un() explic-
           itly.  These are only supported if your system has <sys/un.h>.

       pack_sockaddr_un PATH
           Takes one argument, a pathname. Returns the sockaddr_un structure
           with that path packed in with AF_UNIX filled in. For unix domain
           sockets, this structure is normally what you need for the arguments
           in bind(), connect(), and send(), and is also returned by getpeer-
           name(), getsockname() and recv().

       unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
           Takes a sockaddr_un structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_un())
           and returns the pathname.  Will croak if the structure does not
           have AF_UNIX in the right place.



perl v5.8.8                       2001-09-21                         Socket(3)